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Clinical Nursing Research
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Adolescents' Perceptions of Pain during Labor

Barbara Sittner

Saint Elizabeth Community Health Center

Diane Brage Hudson

University of Nebraska Medical Center

Christie Campbell Grossman

University of Nebraska Medical Center

Fannie Gaston-Johansson

The Johns Hopkins University School of Nursing

This descriptive study systematically described the quality and intensity of adolescents' pain during the progression of labor. The Gaston-Johansson Pain-O-Meter was administered to 33 adolescents during the three labor phases (2-4 cm, 5-7 cm, and 8-10 cm) following a contraction. The most frequently selected sensory words were cramping in Phase I and pressing in Phases II and III. Miserable and killing were the most commonly chosen affective words during the three labor phases. Using the Gaston-Johansson Pain-0-Meter and the Gaston-Johansson Pain-0-Meter Visual Analogue Scale, the total pain intensity scores were highest during Phase III of labor and delivery. A t-test of independent samples found that quality and intensity pain scores for primiparous and multiparous adolescent participants were not significantly different during the progression of labor. The findings of the study illustrate the value of using objective measures, such as the Gaston-Johansson Pain-0-Meter and the Gaston-Johansson Pain-0-Meter Visual Analogue Scale, to assess pain during labor. The study also demonstrated that nurses can use these tools with minimal training.

Clinical Nursing Research, Vol. 7, No. 1, 82-93 (1998)
DOI: 10.1177/105477389800700107
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